Articulator



April 10, 1928. 1,666,022

0. P. PHILLIPS ARTICULATOR Filed July 18, 1925. v z Sheets-Sheet 1" April 10, 1928.

G. ,P. PHILLIPS AR ricuLA'roR Fig.5.

Filed Ju y I925 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

3O l i The purposeof the articulator is to locate Patented Apr. v10, 1928.

GEORGE P; PE'Inn-I'Ps; OF BOSTON, MAssAoHIis'Ein'rs,

nnm cuLAm on.

Applieation filed July 18 1925. Serial 1\To. i4, 1:(

This invention relates to hrticuletors 'utiliZed for making artifimal dentures and cons sts 1n improvements which provide a meehenically simple apparatus so'con'structed.

as to permiteady adjustment for the accurate reproduction of the extreme movements mandible takes place in t movement combined Wllil'l men t, o'rsomenmes of a forward l'novement I and by the numereb'le number of of the jaw or mandible ot it patient. 7

The natural mastieatory movement of the the j ew usually coneisting' of a forward a downward movecombined with anupwu'rd movement; These move ents are due to the ]01Dt gLCtlOII of'the two sides ofthe teniporomandibular joint and, in the absence of the inclined plane's of the teeth, are controlled or directed by the co'ndyle paths at each joint, including the floor and lateral wells muscles of mastiation and ligaments of the joint. 7 I 1 I These elements impose conditionswhich undergo Wide Variations I tients, and in the same patient are different inthelc'ase of the right and left sides; so that there results in different patients Ln-inm'andibula-rmovements.

' fandr'eproduee inthe modte'l-cariyihgefm the I v v u three different directions,

i extreme lateral and forward positions of V the movable j aw, these lateral movements bemg" ordinarily compounded of movements in forwardly, laterally and' downwardly (or iupv'vardlyf inclined, andto reproduce the intermediate positiohs so far as possible between theneutral position of central occlusion andtheseextreme positions. 1

A study ofthe movements of the mandible I discloses thgt there is noapparent fcenter m centers I apparently fixed pivoting actionat either of of rotation forfthe jaw and no the condyles.

Wh:x t aetuallytekes' places is that eachrco'ndyle lnoyesfind'ependently of;

end usually dissimilarly fro n the other,-its movement beingfsubject to; the eontrol or nterferenee exercisedby the lateral and of the gleno id fosseen'd the horizontal walls H associated ligaments and muscles, with. the

floating connection to its v, I lts 'm'ovement, forward fanddownward is "determined largely Its movement later ree plane's,longi- ,tudinal or fore and aft, leteralor s dewi'se, and vertical the protm'sive movement of' on the side opposite to .twoidifle'ient points, of the condyle'path, 7

the oppos te condyle in diflerent padifferent masticatory' .justable dex' ices to the arm the. two

,ef jthe' 1 min; u1 set comprisingindependentlyedjz i sl lble and Control or limitin'gndevices correspondin bodilyfmovementr p'roeueng the elfe'et if a v supports.

by the form of the horis zon'tal plane .ofthe floor ofthe glenoi'd fes'sa.

however, is determinecl not only byth'e outer any toward either side,

la-teral wall's of the glenoid fossa and, the

associated muscles and; "ligaments joli'jthe movement-takes plaeej,"but B is additionally "modified by thefinterfei ence 7 at the innerla'te'ral 'Wallsof the glenoidfjossa side toward which movement. takes place. Inoyemen'ts of the j aw both 'condylesl" are in motion, and the extreme position the j aW-assumes 1n eitherdi'rec'tion is determinedby these limitations or interferen'cesfimposed at namely, the outer Walls of one condyl'e path and the inner of path. One-object of the present invention is to that toward w h "During th'e'leterjal i provide anartieulatoi" having a table n'iodel' carrying am one permitting the @rmmb r pr i e l with a floating'oonnection to itssuppoitfor bodily "ilni vnie'nt of the model carrier in all three plan e's v ertieal,

lateralandhoriiontal, to correspond to actual movement 'of the mandible,j such Tar ticulzitor preferably being provided With'eddefine the "dowhwai'djaiid I I of the er in beinglp'ib- 8 jected to its eiitr'e'me lateral positions," and; if i "being further provided I withfmetns' whi'eh of inte'rferenoe embodied'in theflouter walls I, 1

pathandthefihneii wens-bf Q v theopposite condyle path and define the ex 7 "fireme lateifal p'rotrusii e 'niovementef: the l v forward nioveifieht reproduce in the of one c'ondyle sets of separatelyadjustable;lateral, limitmoyement of; rm in one dir'ec'tiof the other for de hing the lateral grew In the efesciibeu "embodimentof the mm; c tion, this is a cjeompl shed by 'plbvldlllg two" ing devices, bnej se'tfor definingthe lateral bodying one form 1 the side casing of the the adjustable guide utilized to define the downward masticatory I'model arm;

moved;

. Fig.

tion showing the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 3 1s aside elevation of a portion of apparatus showing movement of the Fig. 4L is a detail in front sectional ele vation taken on the line H in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 isa transverse, sectional elevation taken on the line 5-5 in Fig. 1; V

,Fig. 6 is a plan view of the end of one of the lateral branches of the movable modelcarrying arm with certain of the parts re- 7 is a transverse, sectional'elevation taken through the ball ad ustment of the model-carrying arm; and

Fig. 8 is a plan illustrating the adjustment 7 of the limitingdevices for the lateral and protrusive movements of the arm rection. V Referring to the drawings and to the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the

' articulator is provided with a base or rest 11 by which the apparatus may be placed on any suitable support, the base being prolonged at the front to serve as a fixed arm or jaw 13 for holding the lower jaw model.

' The end of the prolongation for this purpose is provided with served that the the model holder 15, this being directly under and confronting a similar model holder 17 which is adapted to hold the upper jaw model. The upper model i holder 17 is supported by the movable model-carrying arm 19 which is so supported as to. be capable of reproducing the movements'and positions of the mandible or lower jaw of the patient. I

- Relative movement only between the model holders is required.

lower model holder 15 in which'is placed the model taken from the patient is fixed lower movable jaw of the while the upper like the natural upper aw,

model holder 17 in which is placed the model taken from the upper fixed jaw of the patient is movable like the lowernatural jaw. ,Accordingly the relation of the models in thearticulator as regards actual movement becomes the reverse of jaws of the patient; that is to say, the pro in one di- It will be ob the relation of the model holder 17 is rigidly connected to the model-carrying arm 19 to move therewith as a unit. For convenience in arranging the teeth, however, the model holder17 is jointed to the arm so that it can be swung upwardly with relation thereto. For this purpose the model holder is forked and hinged at 21 ,to the reduced forward end of the arm 19. One branch of the forked arm extends back beneath a stop pin. 23 carried by the arm 19, the stop pin being in the form of a threaded stud and provided with the thumb piece 25, so that up tightly the model holder and arm 19 may locked rigidly" together. 7 i The base 13 is provided with a "pedestal or raised port-ion 27 whichsupports a boX- like casing 29 within which are provided the adjustments and connections for accurately guiding the movements of the upper model carrying arm 19. This casing is provided with a cover 31 hinged at 33 so that it may be thrown back at will to permit manipulaments.

To provide the required floating connection between the arm19 and the base and by setting the latter 1 .tion and inspection of the necessary adjustcasing so that the movement of the arm may simulate that of the movable natural jaw, the rear end of the arm has rigidly secured thereto a barrel-shaped casing 35, which has a longitudinal sliding movement on the ball 37. The'ball 37 is vertically slid-able on'the upright pin 39 which passes through the. slot 41 in the bottom of the barrel and has athreaded end 43 protruding through the longitudinal slot d5 in the upper part of the barrel casing. The barrel fore, besides being capable of fore and aftor protrusive movement, are also capableof a rocking movement in a horizontal plane about the ball and amovement in a vertical to the sliding action of the plane due both ball on its pin and the capacity of the arm to rock vertically about the ball. 7 I

The supporting stem'39 for the ball, furthermore, is notfixed orrigid', but is itself capable of a sidewiserocking movement, being hinged or pivoted at 47 between up right lugs 49 carried in the casing. This provides a floating connection for the movandv casing thereable model holding arm which does not restrict'but permits all possible-movements of the arm within the required range to cor respond to the bodily movements of the mandible which, as before stated, has no apare provided comprising an independently parent fixed center of rotation. Thus, it will be seen thatthe armin moving laterally may bemo'ved not only hodily rearwardly and 'dowlnwardly wrupwa dly) but bodily laterally as well. i

For defining the position reached. in lat:

,ieral and forward masticatory movements of thevmandihle, guiding and limiting devices for each vopposite side of the downward movement independently adjustable a jus b e guid the arm to define thereof, separate sets of lateral guiding and limiting de- 'Viees eachcomprising differently located 16 defiP device limit the protrusive distanceof the lateral andindependently adjustable controls for the lateral movement, and limiting for each opposite side thereof to IDQ QIQQ Q i TQ define the downward masticatory movement of the model arm there is proat each side thereof adjustable guide I H eating contact by means I v I Each pin 53 is ad-' Y justahly threaded into a of the arml and r up a d) p the function ofthe horizontal walls of the pins thefunctio'n of identical in construction I 'sideonly need be specifically described. with a threaded v shank and a thumhnut 40 glate sl on each of which the arm has i of a supporting @1153 (see Fig. 5).

i a lateral branch'55 defines the downward of the arm in itsprotru'sjive movement; For the purpose of the 'protrusiv'emovement the plates 51 supply CQ'Ildyle paths and the the condyles themselves. The parts which guid opposite sides ofthe arm 19,,while independently adjustable, are a substantially and those on one Each pin is provided so that it may .be

Screwed dojwntight into the arm or'partly unscrewed therefrom raising it away from the. plate.

'Thepl'ate 51 is carried in oppo- 4 Qinfthe lwalls ,of it-he casing 29 so. that the v transverse axis. The outer trunnion 59 has, secured thereto at the outside o t-the casing a i an adjusting arm" 61' (see plate: may be adjustablyf rocked about 'a g.- 3); h ppositeend of Which is provided with a screw the guide plate the instrument may have been set, the-scale readingsihaving beeninoted at-that time.

" a th e n utra plane in which thecondyle guide pins and of the adjusting plates are -l0- ticularly Fig." 5)

an aperture in the' condyle plate per end of the post is shaped topresent to the end of the adjoininglateral? branch f having a: surface" "approximating a knife edged formation which is' arrangedfto contact" v plate 79 'c'ar-r 'ried by .thelateraljbraneh 55;- it

This

' PQ t' BI t m 191 4 th .co r sp hd gJ- b @Pq o ;.=Q u i n, t p i' ts o ppor O h Coi -i fdyle pins 53 on the guide plates coincide with the axis on which the'plates are adjusted, Accordingly,v

no matter what they adjustment of the plate may he,'the arm can always be brought back to -the neutral position of central occlusion withthe pin remaining in contact; with the plate;v

During the use of the apparatus thesup-f porting pns are caused'to' engage. with the condyle plates by means of atensionspring 71 (see Fig. 2), one end of which is secured to the under side of the casing 29 and the opposite end to a hook fastening 73 on the under side of the arm.- The spring exerts agentle pressure in the same transverse r the axis cated, so that itexerts aslight restoring ac tion tending normally to bringlthe model holding armwhen released back toaneutral 1 position.

The condyle guide 'plate ,51 inightbe curved to conform to the horizontal walls of the condyle path,- butgfor practical'pur poses a jflat plate as-illustra ted will'suffifee, since 'it will not only accurately' define the limit of the downward movementbut' will 5' record accurately the angle to thehorizon-- tal plane which the protrusive movementas sumes. In other words,-it willfdefine'the correct position of the condyle at the two extremes and approximately,though not always, exactly, the intermediate positions.v To define the limitations o f'ex't-reme lateral movementstwo sets of control devices arefp'liovided, one for'each oppositelateral movement. S nce these are similar in conplace, there is provided. at eachopposite side Of the in the form the casing and pro ecting upwardly through of the arm '19 a pin 7'7" (see Fig.1") fwith theedge of anjadju'stahle The plate 79 is proyid'ed with a depending pivot lug 81; (see Figs: 5 vand 6 whose lindrical groove presentedfby thejijdown-j turned end of an v l j l 83 andllo'cate d between the-adjustable plate 79 anfdthe branch arm 55; i-Theplatel 79 is; thereforeflcapable"offlheing turned uponiit pivot lug from its normal or neutr l: posi-f a i i j ft'o' anotherpo'sition; s'uch as" that shown in g. sstWheI-fi its out- 'struc'tion oneside' only need be described' I 'ToproVide'the control which is exercised "bythe outside lateral"Walls-of the condyle "path toward'whi'ch lateral movement takes casing "a lateral limiting device, of an upright post (see-pan}: a secured tothe. bottom of v H0 51." The up- 7 cross sectional outline isa segment of a circle and 1s seated ag"a1nst,;a eooperatlngzcy intermediate hearin g1 plate may be .justable about a center is further guided or edge presented to the pin 77 is inclined to the axis of the arm 19 so that the latter moved laterally and rearwardly with the inclined edge of the adjustable plate in contact with the knife-edged face of the limiting pin. Preferably the plate 79 is adwhich, in the neutral position of the arm is that of central occlusion, substantially coincides with the edge of the pin 77 so that in the neutral position botlrppposite plates are in contact with their respective pins irrespective of the positions of adjustment.

Since the pin 7 7 is fixed in the casing and passes through an aperture in the plate 51,

.the latter may be adjustably tipped without affecting the position of the pin, or, in other words, the vertical control and the lateral control for the extreme lateral protrusive movement are independent of and not at fected by each other, and the arm when brought back to neutral position will contact withthe edge of the plate 7 9 whatever may beethe adjusted position of the plate 51. Preferably alsothe knife-edged pins 77 lie in the same vertical plane as the axes of the adjustable plates 51.

The bearing plate 83 is held fixed on the branch arm by the stud pin 53 which permits movement of the adjustable plate in virtue of the arc-shaped slot-85 in the latter through which the pin53 passes. The plate in its movement by the washer 87 (Figs 5 and 6) located within 'limiting'pin 77 arm supplies .which is afforded at the opposite condyle the arc-shaped slot 89 formed in the plate, through which washer passes the clamping screw 91 threaded into the branch arm and having a thumb piece by which it. can be turned down to clamp the plate in anyposition of adjustment. The bearing plate has the ra sed inner end presenting an are shaped guide for the inner'end of the plate and having a zero or reference mark from which the departure of the plate from its neutral setting may be noted andrecorded through the aid of a series of graduations on the edge of the plate.

The adjustable stop plate, with its cooperating limiting pin on that sideof the arm toward which lateral movement of the arm takes place, supplies the lateral control which in the natural is afforded by the outer walls oi the condyle path on that side toward which the movement of the jaw takes place. The adjustable plate 7 9 for the for the opposite side of the the corresponding control in the opposite movement of the natural j aw. The edges of the guide plates 79 might be shapedto provide anexact simulationof V the guidance afforded by the lateral walls 7 of the condyle path 1 tient, but for practical purposes the straight edges shown will. suflice since for any particular pathey not. 7 only cooperatively plate 97 or the adjustable stop screw accurately define ment but define nal plane in which the movement takes place and with approximate accuracythe intermediate positions of the jaw between the neutral position and its extreme position.

To give a definite guidance to the arm in its extreme lateral movement, a second difilerently located control device isemployed for each opposite lateral movement of the arm to afford the control exercised by the inner interference of the condyle on that side opposite to that toward which the lateral movement takes place. This second limiting device, properly arranged, might be located on the same. side of the arm as is. the already the limits of lateral movedescrihed limiting device which governs the same lateral movement. Herein, however, it is located on the opposite side of the arm; that is to say, for movement in any one lateral direction theeextreme movement is defined by one of the lateral limiting devices as 9 described acting jo ntly with a second limiting device located on the opposite side of the arm. This device supplements the'other in accurately delining the lateral bodily movement-of the arm.

As one embodiment of this second'pair of limiting devices 1 have herein shown the barrel-shaped casing 35 provided at each opposite side withlaterally projecting pins 95 relatedto a small upright plate 97 (see Figs. 1, 7 and 8), the latter being mounted to be turned at different angles 0 adjustment in a post 99 secured to the bottom of the casing 29. The plate maybe held fixed in any selected position of adjustment by a set screw, the wing piece 101. be turned and. held in some'such position as is represented in Fig. 8, so thatjwhenthe arm ismoved laterally and forwardly the lateral1 path and extreme position of arm will be defined jointly by the contact of the adjustable plate 79 with the limiting, pin 77 and the'contact ot the pin 95 with the face of theplate 97. The adjustment of the plate 97' will depend on the I amount of lateral shifting the jaw undergoes in'reachingan extreme lateral position. This permits the model-carrying arm to simulate the natural movements of the jaw of the patient, the arm being bodily and.

at'each side of the upright ball engaging. pin. 39 the independently adjustable' -stop be so adjusted as to sci=eivs103 which may I limit the. control of the sidewise swinging movement or the pin only of these limiting device's; either the 103,

need

be employed in the same apparatusthe angle to the longitude the latter provided with 7 Thus the plate 97 may 39. Ordinarily one but the

he P t en allowed to direction, each adjustable 'plate I vided with a forwardly projecting tang 107 Mesa- 2 both are herein shown for the 1 urpose of illustration. The adjustment obtained through the plate 97 may bepreferable for. purposes of instruction .since it offers-the better visualization of the structural, inter- :t'erences of the The ball I slide vertically on the pin 39 provideslfor the opening and closing movements of the jaw, Incertain instances, however, itisdesirable that the closing action of thejaw be limited Y "to a vdefinite rangerand for this purpose the upp r threaded end of the pin is provided with an adjustable nut'105 which can be so set as to limitthe' amount to which the jaws v or, in other Words, the amount (see Figs. 1 and 4;) on which is mounted the sliding stop piece 109, the stop piece being I retained on the'plate by'which the position to which the;

ing through a slot in the rear end of the stop piece is provided with the plateby its underturned edges and limited in its out-W'ard lliOVement by the upturned end 1110f the tang. The stop piece may be fastened in difl'er'ent positions on t-liejtang by means of the clamping screwlll threaded into the tang'andIpassstop piece. The

a stop shoulder 1 15 registering with the edge of the adjustable plate and so positioned with relation to'the limiting pin that it contacts therewith 0n the protrusive (oi-rearward) movement of the model-cal: rying arm, as represented 1n Fig. 8. By aduStmg the stop piece to difierent positions on the platethe limit'of theprotrusi've and lateral movement may be accurately defined.

A- series of graduations 117' is provided on I stop: piece is adjusted may be notedj for instance, as the and having their opposite ends -piece 121 adapted .to'

Any suitable means restoring t-helja carrying arm from its protruding position to its normal position, such, two flexed spring members 119 secured to theside of the arm 19 against the respective limiting pins 7 7 I ilhe arm 19 may be provided with suit; abledevices such: as the 'fixe diuprightstop face of each opposite branch arn'l155 to limit the forward movement ofthe arm, or, n

other Words, to provide stop corresponding to the fixed position of the natural jawf Whe nj I retracted.

I In; the use or the" apparatus, the models having been prepared and transferred to the artieulator the extreme lateral position or the model arm. is then natural jaw; With the jaw as they actually exist in which is normally alloxved may be provided for hearing t engage with the front determined for 1 both the'right and left sides, by the aid of Shit; V

able molds, which;have' been taken from the model arm in one'o-f its extreme lateral I positions, the condyle plate 51fon that side of the instrument'to WlllChlhG arm has been moved is turned about its axisfuntil it otters Contact with the tip of the condyle pill or rest 53' and is there clamped; model holder is moved to the extreme lateral positionthus defined from the neutral position of cent'ral occlusion, it will be guided in,

its vertical movement the inclination of the condyle plate thus adjusted.

a su ortin With thearm inthe extreme lateral posiioi abo re r d 79 onthe same'side I II II until its edge contacts with the knife e.dgd

to, the adjustable; plate limiting in 77.- The clamp screwel is then 1 tu ne fi c. 'th'e'same time the limiting device 109 is' he'platvill s. pbsi on. At

loosened and slidalong the plate 79 until its shoulder contactswith the pin 77, Whereupon it is fastened tightly in that position. At the same time the lateral guidi'ng'plate 97 on the opposite 'side'of the untilits face tofuches'the tip y 1 j s men shown in F is- .8: i T

of the armlisv then turned arm is turned a f the P ject-- ing pin 95, whereupon it is set tight. byit-S' set screw 101. Sucha conditionisindicated' model-carrying arm Whe nmoved from its. J1

neutral position to the xtreme lateral; position thus defined moves,

lateral displacement, as if in. a groove,

guided by the contact betweenfthe edge of w hire p m 1 h djus a e P a e '9. and a h i ege 1 of thelimiting "pin 77 on hand.

. fli l ha d" and the pin" 95 jand' the plate Q'Z'on the other,

adjustments havingcompleted,

thearm is movedtoits extreme lateral posi tion on the opposite side and similar'adj ust' ments are made of the plates 51' and '791 for that side of the'instrument and the verticel plate 97 for }tl1e..oppos'ite side.

If the adjusting sc'rev'vsl103 are employed I insteadlof the lates a m .is n

I .97.; the adjnstinent will E 1 be sim-ilarly made that is to say, :When the its extreme late al ositi n; on

one side, the screw 103 on the opposite side,

eithe @111 c Will be observed as the arm moves executing the extreme lateral protrusive' movement on ,eitherside under the guidance he side of the'pjivot'ed,ball engaging'pin 1 will beamed ire touches i of the 'sje 7 two differently located guiding 'devices, the lateral guiding members WhiQhaI',

carried by the arm for definingthe extreme h Opp te di enslateral nioVB iIQHt in n me y, t e 1912 67 t s d lcp'p i o ha towa d h c he'fi st mmed asi amedt place, and the: pinf915 on 1 toward whichthe'inove-r v I ilb m n't 1 take the s de of. the arm nient takes place, move away from the pin position of the models.

a support, of

77 and the plate 97 respectively, so that the extreme lateral movement in either direction is without interference from the guiding devices utilized for defining the extreme lateral movement in the opposite direction.

It will be observed that when the model arm executes its protrusive lateral movement, it not only movesbodily forward but bodily laterally without a fixed center of rotation, thus simulating the action of the natural jaw where both condyles move independently of each other, both forwardly and laterally and usually dissimilarly in the extent of movement.

It is unnecessary that the models be placed in any exact location in the described form of articulator for the instrument may be placed in neutral position for any selected The movements of the model-carrying arm are independent of any fixed center of rotation, so that it will reproduce the extreme lateral movements of the natural jaw with accuracy irrespective of the distance of the models 37 and irrespective of whether they are fixed on their arms slightly at one side or the other of the longitudinal plane passing through the ball. It is therefore unnecessary to take preliminary measurements of the relation between the patients jaw and the condyles, as has heretofore been customary, for the purpose of accurately determining the fixed position which'the models must occupy in the jaws of the articulator.

While I have herein shown and described for the purpose of illustration one specific embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the same is not limited to the mechanical details or to the form or relative arrangement of parts extensive deviations mayv be; made therefrom without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In an articulator, the combination with a movable model-carrying arm having a floating connection to the sup- 7 devices comprising for each opposite lateral for a bodily movement of the arm in all directions, both vertically, laterally and longitudinally, without a fixed center of rotation, with devices for adjustably defining the opposite movements of the arm, including an adjustable guide for each opposite movement to define the inclination to the horizontal plane taken by the arm in that movement, lateral guiding port providing movement an independently adjustable device to providelateral guidance corresponding to the outer interference at one condyle of the natural jaw and a differently located adjustable device to provide a guidance corresponding to the inner interference at the opposite condyle, protrusive movement of thearm for each from the ball herein shown, but that and a device to limit the an independently adjustable device to provide lateral guidance corresponding to the outer interference at one c'ondyle of the natural jaw and a differently located adjustable device to provide a guidance corresponding to the inner interference at the opposite condyle.

3. In an articulator, the combination with a support, of a movable model-carrying arm having a floating connection to the support providing for a bodily movement of the arm in all directions, with devices for adjustably defining theextreme lateral movements of the arm, including for each oppositelateral movement thereof an adjustable device to provic'e a guidance outer interference at natural jaw, and differently located adjustable devices to provide a guidance corresponding to the inner interference at the opposite condyle. I

I. In an articulator, the combination with a support, of a movable model-carrying arm having a floating connection to the support providing for a bodily movement of the arm in all directions, with devices for adjustably defining the extreme of the arm, including for each opposite lateral movement thereof a guide member and a bearing member, one on the support and the other on the arm and in contact when the arm is in a neutral position of central occlusion, the guide member being adjustable about the center substantially coinciding with the point of contact when the arm is neutral. 1

5. In an articulator, the combination with a support, of a movable model-carrying arm providing for a bodily movement in all directions, devices for adjustably defining the extreme movements of the arm, including adjustable guiding means for each opposite movement to define the inclination of the horizontal plane taken by the arm in that movement, two sets of lateral guiding devices for each opposite lateral movement, each set including a guide member and a bearing member, one for each side of the arm, one on the support and the other on the arm, and in contactwhen the arm is in neutral position, the guide member being corresponding to the one condyle of the a that till

lateral movements 7 pe ite si e a the .in all directions,

eeaaa I dyle of the natural jaw, and. diflerently "loea'ted' adjustable device to provide for the arm a guidance corre interference at theop-.

pend ng e h n r PQ te 8. 11348; the two last named adjustle de ic s aeting t defi ea la ly e initepath ogf'movement forthe extreme lat-,

.eral movement of the arm.

6.- vIn n arti ater, the c binat on w h a suppor o a mevable ha ng a enne ie to th e pp'er p viding for h bedilyme m n e ar finingthe vertical movem t t e rm in its ex rem mo m nte andiu abl de? vices indep ndentthe eof fer d fin ng at erally themovement of the in each oppesite lateral ex reme m veme t,

7.. .In anartieulater, t e combination it s pp rt,.ofa m vable m delarryi g a m havinga onne ti n to he suppor p di ng for. a-hodily movement'of the arm-in all directions, and adjustable d ice for defining the extreme lateral movements of the arminel-udinggfor; each opposite lateral movement thereofa guide platemounted on the armand a bearingmember on th sup- .p'o tthe two being in contact in the neutral position. of the arm, the'guide plate being adjustable a out-.21 e t r subs an ia y 0 ciding..wit-hv.-the point of'contact Wl1611 the annals neutral. andproviding when ad ust- 'ed\ a-lateralguidance for the arm.

.8.: In. an articulater, the .cembinati n, Wi h a support,1ofa modelecarry-mg arm, a ball ongwhich the armis mounted and relatively to-avhich it has longitudinal movement, the bal'l beingmovable laterally on the support to; provide bodily lateral movementof the armeand also movable vertically. onthe sup.- port to; provide. bodily vertical 1 movement thereof, and devices for adj lStably defining the extreme: lateral movements of the. arm in both opposite directions.

7 *9. In an varti'eulator,thecombination with a support, of a model-carryingarm,a QOIIIIQC- tion between the arm and sup port,,i ncluding "a part onwhich the arm is p voted ferre -lat'ivemovement theretmsaid part beingmovable; laterally on the supportto providebod:

V ily. lateral movement of the-arm in executing its extreme lateral movements, and devices k for adjustably defining the extreme lateral movements of the arm inboth opposite direo- 1 tions.v

lei-A arti ul t r having a .me a le, mod l-car y ng memb prevld Wlth e e supp o e lgl mede iar vmg ba l on hi h m lmt d and t larl w 1 movement of the-natural jaw, With sets of independently adjustable guide members for .eachoppesite movement of the member, each modelar ying arm .sisting ofan adjustable I I g i a e o p ding .th te ish de ces fo .a juet y d..

a di fierently located movement of the r n e .be 'lne m m r d a adjus a le movement.

meveme the e f and gu ng" t emprisineeauide adjus ab e "absent a a trans verse axis and P151116 er e Qt-t e g n id feseai lfl. V dependently ad ustable means to .control ex: treme lateral movement compris ng separately adjustable limiting devices, ea'ch'eonference: at the condyleon the side toward- Whic-hthe'lateral movement takes place,- and guiding device to m; vide t guidance corre ponding to th nner f nc a the ppe' endy e thereby to. definitely guide the bodily movement of the member from its position ofcentral QC; l H

, a b i ber een-JL e ed o th d' l ee ryi g memb r vable. over the-guideto control the vertical uid e'p r eth clusion to its extreme lateral positionin opposite direction.

11. An articulator having .alsupportffge. 'nectionto the support permittingbodilv arm n. all directions, adf V. fer fin na he extrem 1 model-carrying arm provided with .-a-.con+

justable devices movement of the arm comprising for-each opposite movement a guide j adj ustableabout r ingto defin the.

the horizontal plane,

guide; one on the support'and the otherlon' the arm, thepoint of contact .ofxsaid mem 5 Q S' Y IlL" n he me ve tie plea-e ethe 5 an v xe of said r nam d'jauiding devices, and asecond differently. located. J

justable lateral guiding device.

.2, An a t a o hav ng eeupp-e' t movable modelcarrying arm having il' fl0at ing connection to the support providingtor the bodily movement ofthe arm in all'fditeetions, and, ,devices for the extreme lateral movementsof the army. including for each opposite lateral movement thereof an adjustable device to provide guidance correspondingto'the outer inter-g adj ustably defining I and. a differently located adjustable device '1 it to providejal I 1111161 interferenceat the opposite eondyle, the lateral gui'd ng device for each extreme guidance corresponding to the.

lateral movement being such as toiofler no lnterference o the'eph e te xt eme a er 13. In an articnlatonthecombination with 1 ference at one condyle o f the natural' aw eral position, the same comprising for moveally mounted on the arm for I treme opposite movements,

'nection to the base,

otally' mounted floating connection tively to which it has longitudinal move ment, the ball being movable vertically ion the 'support to provide bodily vertical inovem'ent thereof, and an adjustable device to limit the vertical movement of the ball.

15. In'an articulator,the combination with a support, of a model-carrying arm, a connection 'on the support to which the arm is pivoted,ysaid connection being movable laterally on the support to provide bodily lateral movement of. the arm in executing its extreme lateral movements, and the connection being also movable vertically with relation to the support to provide for bodily vertical movement of the arm and guiding devices to guide said arm in its movement on and with said connection. '16. An articulator having abuse, a movable, model-carrying arm having a floating conthe arm having a protrusive movement with relation to a system of guides adapted to define its extreme latment in each opposite direction a plate pivon the base for adjustment about an upright axis and presenting a bearing wall adapted-to be engaged by a part carried by the arm, and a plate pivotadjustment about an upright axis and adapted to engage a part on the base. 17. In an articulator, with a support, of a movable,

the combination model-carrying arm having a floating connection to the support, adjustable devices defining the position of the arm vertically in each of its eX- and adjustable devices for defining the position of the arm laterally in each of its extreme opposite,

- movements, the latter comprising a plurality of arm-positioning, differently located, lateral bearing members for defining the position of the arm on movement in one direction away from the position of central occlusion, and a corresponding set of such members fordefining the position of the arm on movement in the opposite direction.

18. An articulator having a support, a model-carrying arm, the, latter having a to said support to per mit movement of the arm relatively to the support to correspond to the actual movevment of the mandible, adjustable devices to define the vertical displacement of the arm for different protrusive positions thereof, andindependently adjustable, lateral, guiding devices to reproduce for the lateral displacement of the arm in either direction the two differently located factors of interfer- 'ence embodied in the outer walls of one conthe two differently bearing plate located at dyle'path and the inner walls of the opposite'condyle path.

19. An articulator having a support, a model-carrying arm, the latter having a floating connection to said support to permit movement of the arm relatively to the support to correspond to the actual movement of the mandible, adjustable devices to define the vertical displacement of the arm for difierent protrusive positions thereof, and two sets of independentlyadjustable, lateral, guiding devices to reproduce for the lateral displacement of the arm in either direction located factors of interference embodied in the-outer walls of one condyle path and the inner walls of'the opposite condyle path, each set comprising an adjustable, segmental plate'presenting a lateral bearing wall adapted to be engaged by a part on the arm and adjustableabout an axis on the support, and a second, differently located, adjustable bearing member. 7

20. An articulator having asupport, a model-carrying arm, the latter having a floating connection to said support to permit movement of the arm relatively to thesupport to correspond to the actualmovements of the mandible, adjustable devices to define the vertical displacementof the arm for different protrusive positions thereof, the same including a plate adjustably mounted on the support about a transverse, horizontal axis andabearing member on the arm engaging the same, and independently adjustable, lateral guiding devices to repro- 100 ducefor the lateral displacement of the arm in either direction the two differently located factors of interference embodied in the outer walls of one condyle path and the inner walls of the the same including alateral bearing member adjustable about an upright axis substantially intersecting the axis of adjustment of said guide plate, a part carried by the arm and adapted to contact with said guide 1 member along its axial line-of adjustment when the arm is in the position of centralocclusion, and a second, differently located, adjustable, lateral, guide member.

21. model-carrying arm, a floating connection including an upright post mounted on the support, a longitudinal opening in the arm permitting the longitudinal, protrusive movement'of the arm relatively to the post, adjustable devices to define the vertical dis-. placement of the arm for different protrusive positions thereof, and devices to define the extreme lateral positions of the arm, the same comprising for each extreme lateral 5 position an adjustable bearing plate located adjacent the post and a second adjustable a different position lengthwise the arm.

22. An articulator having a support, a 30 opposite condyle path,

An articulator having a suppor a l: :iguideplate and the able devices to define the vertical adjustable about'anupright axis and prefloating connection to fm'ear'ns to define the position {of th 'erally' foreXtreme movements thereof fr eeepaz qa' i y gf armfthe latter having a said support, adjustable devices to define the vertical displace fm'e'nt'of the carrier forditferent positionsof jthe'arnnthe same including a guide plate 'adjustably mounted on the support about a hor zontal axis and a bearing arm' engaging the transverse, member onthe I e arm latopposite directions, the same comprising ens gageable bearing Walls, onecarried by the other on the arm, one being presentedby anof-said-bearing walls I II I adjustable, segmental plate for adjustment 'about'anjaxis'wvhich, when thearm is in its position of central occlusion, substantially intersects the point of screw;

' 23. An' articulator having a support, a

havlng a floating'connection to said support, adjustmodel-carrying arm, the latter I displacement of thef'arm in its extreme opposite movements, and adjustable, devices to define the position 'ofthe arm laterally In each of its extreme opposite positions, "the-"same comprising, for movement in one direction, two contacting elementsfone carried by the arm and :theother'by the" support, one of said members comprising a segmental plate senting an arm-positioning, lateral bearing wall, and a second set of differently located,

" contacting elements, II

and the other by the support and including v first bearing Wall,-said also corresponding contacting elements to one carried, by the arm lateral bearing member the action of said artlculator an adjustable, adapted to supplement govern movement of the arm in the opposite direction.

24. A dental articulator having a javv'arm V mounted 'for' mandibular movement, independently adjustable guide membersfor the oppos te lateral movements of the arm each comprising aguide adjustable about a trans-' verse axis and a rest connected to the arm vmovable over theiguide to control the vertical movementof the member or that'simulating by the horizontal plane or floor of the gle 'noidfossa, and means adjustable independentlyof said members and of each other to i limit the range of the extreme lateral move? ment of said arm in both opposites directions.

.25. A'dental articulator having a movable jaw carrying armmounted for mandibular movement, independently adjustable guide devices for each opposite lateral movement the arm same, and

arm in both directions,said means' being ad} engagement between I I I I i I I 'j'ustable independently of each other and of the bearing Walls'on said arm and said seg-' fm'ental plate and alsoint'ersects the a'xis'of said g'uide plate, the segmental plateihaving an arc-shaped slot engaged by aclamping 27.,In' a dental articulatorftlie combina- V of a movable model'cartion with a support Tying arm haying longitudinal, lateral and having carrying arm,

I I -mo'vement and lateral the control exercised over the condylev "controlling the vertical movementof the arm and simulating the control exercised over the condyle by'the horizontal plane or the, lateral 'mov'ement of the the extent of said guiding devices.

" devices for adju'stably vertical; movement's, I I

movements of the arm defining the lateral posite" lateral=*'movement todefin-e; the men'- I nation to the horizontal plane takenuby the arm in that movement, lateral-guiding vices comprising for eachopposite lateral o a movement, an independently adjustable 'de-' vice to provide lateraliguidance,andfa "device for adjustably limiting the protrusive" movement'offithe:arm for aehoppositefea V tre'm'e, lateral movement thereof. ,1

' 28. A denta l articulator having amfo vable model carrying arm, adjustable condyle guiding means therefor to I adj ustably define the inclination male horizontal plane takenfby j' the arm in its mo-vemena a lateral guiding member pivoted for adjustment about "an'- upright axis toprovide lateral guidance for the arm, and'an adjustable stop member for agjiiilstably limiting the protrusive movement o t tion with a support, of a movable model devices for adjustably define-"- ing the lateral guide for each opposite,

lateralmovement to define the inclination to" the'horizontalplanetaken by the arm in-that guiding devices comprising for'eachoppositelateral movement 9 an independently adjustable device to pro-i vide lateral guidance, and a ball and socket; 1

connection forthe arm,

tion. v H

' 30. In a dental articulator, the combination with a'support, of a movable model carrying arm, devices for adjustably defining the lateral movements of the arm inclucl 1 '80. I floor of the glen'oidfossa, and means tolini'it,

00 7 including an adjustable; guide forjea'ch'fop Ide- e arm for each opposite extreme lateral no i" movement thereof I, i 29 In a dental articulator, the'combina- .r V Y I movements of the arm includ ingan adjustable he arm bein u a I fed to Pe mit ovf'its longitudinal. o t I With relation Q the ball and ocket 00nnec I .1251,

, lateral movement to define the inclination to r and located above the horizontal'plane taken by the arm in that movement and lateral guiding devices comprising for each opposite lateral movement an independently adjustable device to provide lateral guidance, and a pivotal. connection for the arm to pcrmlt the arm to swing laterally, the same comprising a slot formed longltudmally 1n the arm and a fulcrum member mounted on the support and engaging the walls of the slot, the arm being mounted to permit of its longitudinal movement with relation to said fulcrum member.

31. A dental articulator having a movable model holding arm with suitable guiding devices for guiding it in its lateral movements, and a connection for the arm permitting lateral, longitudinal and vertical movements of the arm eluding a pivotal connection to the arm to permit the arm to swing laterally, the same comprising a slot formed longitudinally in thearm and a fulcrum member mounted on the support and engaging the walls of the slot, the arm being mounted to permit a longitudinal, mandibular movement with relation to the fulcrum member.

'32. A dental articulator comprising a fixed lower model holder, a model-holding arm cooperatively and movably related thereto the'fixed holder, a connection permitting free movement of the arm and providing for longitudinal, lateral and vertical movements thereof, the same comprising a ball having a post by which it is connected to the fixed holder, and a socket connected to the arm having a slot arranged longitudinally the arm through which said post passes.

33. A dental artieulator comprising upper held model, the same inand lower model one being mounted for free longitudinal, lateral and verticalmovement, guiding devices for guiding and positioning the arm in its opposite lateral movements, a hinged connection between the model holding end of the movable arm and said guiding devices, and means for fastening the arm against movement at said hinged connection whereby the models may at will be separated without interference with the positioning of the arm by said guiding devices, or'the model holding end of the arm may be held in rigid relation with the guiding and positioning 0 the end of the arm.

34:. A dental articulator having a movable model-carrying arm, adjustable condyle guides therefor, a-lateral guiding member pivoted for adjustment about an upright axis at each side of the arm, and an adjustable stop piece carried by said member for determining the limit of lateral movement.

35. A dental articulator having a support, a -movable model carrying arm, devices for adjustably defining the lateralmovements of the arm, including an adjustable guide for each opposite side to define the inclination to the horizontal plane taken by the arm, and connections between the arm and the support to provide for freemovement, the same comprising a fulcruming member carried by the support and comprising also an opening in the arm, the walls of which engage the opposite sides of the fuleruming member, the said opening extending lengthwise the arm to permit longitudinal movement of the arm and model carried thereby with relation to the fuleruming member.

In testimony whereof, I

name to this specification.

I GEORGE P. PHILLIPS.

have signed my holding arms, the upper 

